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Oligonucleotide synthesis is a fundamental process in molecular biology involving the creation of short DNA or RNA sequences. These oligonucleotides serve as primers, probes, and therapeutic agents, playing critical roles in genetic research and biotechnology. The ability to synthesize specific sequences has revolutionized genetic engineering and diagnostics. Advances in this field have led to the development of more efficient and accurate synthesis techniques.   The Process of Oligonucleotide Synthesis Synthesis involves sequentially adding nucleotides to a growing chain, following a predetermined sequence. This process is typically automated and carried out on solid supports, ensuring high accuracy and efficiency. The synthesis of oligonucleotides has become faster and more reliable with advances in technology. Researchers can now produce longer sequences with fewer errors, enhancing the scope of genetic research. The automation of synthesis has also reduced the time and labour requi

Chromatography is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate mixtures into their individual components. This method relies on the differential affinities of substances to move through a stationary phase under the influence of a mobile phase. Chromatography has revolutionized the fields of chemistry and biology by enabling the analysis and purification of complex mixtures. It is indispensable in various scientific disciplines, helping researchers understand the composition of different substances. The technique's versatility and precision have led to its widespread adoption in both academic and industrial settings. Basics of Chromatography At its core, chromatography involves passing a mixture dissolved in a mobile phase through a stationary phase. Separation results from the different components of the mixture interacting with the stationary phase to different degrees. This fundamental principle is applicable across various types of chromatography, including gas chromat